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Ranks and rank insignia of the Red Army 1935–1940 : ウィキペディア英語版
Ranks and rank insignia of the Red Army 1935–1940

Individual rank insignia to the (Army) ground forces and (Navy) naval forces (1935–1940) were established by orders 2590 and 2591 with effectivity from September 22, 1935.〔Rank insignia and sequence of ranks of the “Workers' and Peasants' Red Army” as to order number 2590 of the “USSR Central Executive Committee” and “Council of People's Commissars” from September 22, 1935. Other solutions to ground forces and navy of the “Workers' and Peasants' Red Army” were disposed by order 2591.〕
This was mainly aimed to supreme commanders, commanding officers, and personnel in charge to exert command and control in the “Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, published by order of the number 176 of the USSR People's Commissariat of Defence, dated from December 03, 1935.〔Order number 176 of the „People's Commissar of Defence of the USSR” from December 3, 1935 pertaining individual military ranks of the land forces and the Navy of the “Workers' and Peasants' Red Army”.〕
== Situation in 1935 ==
In line to the orders, mentioned above, the new distinction insignia of commanding personnel should provide indication as follows:
* Adherence to the particular branch of service (e.g. Army, Air Force, or Navy), or special troops
*Qualification, professional responsibility, specific knowledge
*rank insignia, operational/ tactical responsibility, e.g. level of military command, formation, unit, or subunit.
The top military rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union was created by order of the USSR Central Executive Committee and the “Council of People's Commissars” from September 22, 1935 onward, even before the new ranks were issued.

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